A popular houseplant with broad, glossy leaves. If properly cared for, this plant can grow into a nice sized indoor tree. Ficus elastica is a great houseplant if you are looking for something that is larger but also fairly tough and hardy.
Background
Ficus elastica, more commonly-known as the Rubber Fig or Rubber Plant, is a species of plant native to Asia. This plant is known for its thick, shiny, rubbery leaves and is a staple in the houseplant trade. They can be grown outdoors in zones 10-12.
Size
Grows relatively quickly. Will grow tall and narrow in a tree-like shape. If you would rather have a more bushy form, you can prune to achieve that type of growth instead. Maximum height indoors is anywhere between 6-12′ tall.
Growing Conditions
Light
Prefers higher light if possible. Can be grown in medium light as well, but I wouldn’t recommend low light for any of the ficus plants. As is usual with houseplants, variegated varieties would prefer higher light and the Rubber Tree is no exception!
Watering
Water fairly regularly, but Rubber Plants do not prefer to be in overly wet or soggy potting media. It is best to let the potting media dry somewhat between waterings. These plants will require less water during the colder months. Can potentially start dropping its lower leaves if it is not receiving enough water (or light, for that matter).
Potting Mix
Not especially picky about what potting mix you use. Any commercial indoor potting mix will suffice, as long as it is well-draining.
Humidity
Not really a major concern. Does not seem to have much trouble adapting to slightly drier air. As far as temperature goes, Rubber Plants prefer slightly warmer air if possible. Try to never keep them in temperatures below 55 Fahrenheit.
Fertilizer
Fertilize regularly during the growing season but don’t overdo it.
Propagation
Not as easily propagated as other common houseplants, but it is possible through air-layering.
Toxicity
Mild to moderate toxicity.
Potential Problems
Pests. Can be susceptible to mealybugs, scale, and spider-mites, as are most tropical houseplants. Be sure to make checking for these pests part of your normal watering routine because they are much easier to treat in the early stages. Prevention is always the best strategy!
Lower leaf drop. Rubber Plants can be somewhat notorious for dropping their lower leaves gradually if they are unhappy. Try and get the watering down first and make sure the potting mix has sufficient drainage and isn’t retaining too much moisture. If that isn’t seeming to help, your plant might not be receiving enough light. Try and supplement with artificial grow lights, or if that is not possible, then try the plant in a new spot that has ample bright indirect light.
Cold temperatures and drafts. Lastly, Rubber Plants are intolerant of colder temperatures (55 Fahrenheit and under) and cold drafts.